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C£birago  (Ulmrrit 


HISTORICAL 

STATEMENT 


|  IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHII 


CHICAGO  CHURCH  FEDERATION 


THE  PIONEER  PERIOD. 

CHAT  the  whole  Federation  movement  is 
still  in  its  comparative  infancy  is  indi¬ 
cated  by  the  fact  that  Chicago’s  firs'L 
efforts  in  this  direction  date  back  no  further  than 
1907.  In  that  year  the  Chicago  Church  Fed¬ 
eration  Council  was  organized.  During  the  early 
years  its  work  was  not  pretentious,  nor  was  it 
thoroughly  representative  of  the  churches  or  of 
the  denominations  as  representation  is  conceived 
today.  For  about  four  years  its  membership 
included  no  laymen.  The  ministerial  associa¬ 
tions  of  the  various  co-operating  denominations 
chose  certain  of  their  own  number  as  delegates, 
and  these  duly  elected  delegates  became  the 
Church  Federation  Council.  In  the  beginning, 
therefore,  Chicago  had  really  a  federation  of  min¬ 
isterial  associations  rather  than  a  federation  of 
local  churches  or  of  denominations.  But  it  was 
an  exceedingly  significant  beginning;  it  gave  the 
Christian  forces  of  Chicago  definite  training  in 
real  co-operation;  and  no  names  associated  with 
the  larger  work  of  these  latter  years  are  to  be 
revered  more  genuinely  than  those  of  the  far- 
visioned  leaders  who  encouraged  and  guided  the 
organization  through  its  pioneer  stage. 

Chief  place  among  the  leaders  of  this  early 
period  must  always  be  given  to  the  late  Pro¬ 
fessor  Benjamin  Lewis  Hobson  of  McCormick 
Theological  Seminary.  By  election  of  the  Coun¬ 
cil  he  served  as  secretary  until  1911,  but  by  gen¬ 
eral  consent  he  is  remembered  rather  as  the 
“Father  of  the  Federation.”  Throughout  these 
years  he  gave  his  strength  unstintedly,  receiving 
no  compensation  for  his  work,  in  order  to  build 
the  foundations  of  permanent  co-operation.  Dur¬ 
ing  these  early  years  Dr.  B.  A.  Green,  Dr.  C.  B. 
Mitchell  and  Dr.  Smith  T.  Ford  filled  the  office 
of  President.  During  the  presidency  of  Dr.  Ford 
the  Federation  Council  secured  from  the  mayor 
the  appointment  of  the  Commission  whose  re¬ 
ports  and  revelations  led  to  the  closing  of  the 
Red  Light  District.  A  social  worker  was  main¬ 
tained  at  the  Juvenile  Court.  And  throughout 
this  entire  early  period  bi-monthly  union  min¬ 
isters’  meetings  were  operated  and  the  Federa¬ 
tion  Council  was  coming  more  and  more  to  be 
regarded  as  the  clearing-house  for  united  Pro¬ 
testant  interests. 


HI 


hj 

RICAL  STATEMENT 


PREPARING  FOR  THE  QUADRENNIAL. 

H  SECOND  period  in  Chicago  Church  Fed¬ 
eration  history  may  be  said  to  have  be¬ 
gun  in  1911,  under  the  influence  of  the 
Federal  Council  of  Churches  of  Christ  in  Amer¬ 
ica.  Organized  in  1908,  its  officers  were  begin¬ 
ning  to  lay  plans  for  the  second  quadrennial  con¬ 
vention  to  be  held  in  December,  1912.  They 
hoped  that  Chicago  might  be  the  place  of  this 
second  meeting  and  to  this  end  Dr.  Elias  B.  San¬ 
ford,  Secretary  of  the  Federal  Council,  ap¬ 
proached  the  Chicago  officers.  The  idea  met 
with  favor,  but  it  became  very  evident  that  if 
Chicago  was  to  entertain  a  great  gathering  such 
as  the  Quadrennial  Conference,  its  Church  Fed¬ 
eration  Council  would  have  to  be  enlarged  to 
include  laymen  in  its  membership,  and  its  or¬ 
ganization  changed  so  that  it  would  definitely 
represent  the  various  communions.  Throughout 
the  following  months  these  changes  were  in  pro¬ 
cess  of  being  made;  at  the  annual  meeting  on 
October  fifth  a  new  constitution  was  adopted; 
and  by  the  beginning  of  1912  reorganization  on 
these  lines  was  complete. 

In  the  meanwhile,  however,  the  work  of  the 
Federation  Council  was  not  confined  to  the 
passing  of  resolutions,  and  to  voting  on  articles 
of  the  Constitution.  A  more  inclusive  organiza¬ 
tion  and  a  more  expansive  program  demanded  a 
preliminary  campaign  of  education  and  the  rais¬ 
ing  of  larger  funds.  During  the  summer  of  1911 
Dr.  Hobson  worked  indefatigably  at  the  task  of 
raising  money  for  a  larger  social  and  civic  pro¬ 
gram.  The  response  was  none  too  encouraging, 
but  his  efforts  were  so  much  seed  sown,  to  bear 
fruit  in  later  years  in  more  successful  co-opera¬ 
tive  achievements.  In  the  autumn  Dr.  Hobson 
resigned  as  secretary,  after  four  years  of  signifi¬ 
cant  service  to  the  Federation  cause.  His  suc¬ 
cessor  was  Dr.  Chas.  E.  Bacon,  who  devoted  half 
of  his  time  to  the  work  for  Chicago  and  half 
time  to  his  work  as  Western  Secretary  of  the 
Federal  Council.  As  a  man  trained  in  the  work 
of  the  Federal  Council  he  was  frttod  f0r  the  task 
of  extending  the  idea  and  the  practice  ot 
ation  among  the  Chicago  churches.  Rev.  J.  H. 
Chandler  was  made  Assistant  Secretary  late  in 
September,  to  give  his  time  to  a  campaign  of  ed¬ 
ucation  looking  toward  an  enlarged  and  more 
effective  Federation,  and  also  to  the  task  of 
making  adequate  arrangements  for  entertaining 


CHICAGO  CHURCH  FEDERATION 


the  Quadrennial.  With  the  former  purpose  in 
mind  he  secured  for  the  Federation  Council  the 
official  co-operation  of  the  denominations  as 
such,  and  the  new  membership  of  certain  reli¬ 
gious  bodies.  Looking  toward  the  achievement 
of  the  latter  purpose  he  secured  the  assistance 
of  the  Association  of  Commerce  in  planning  for 
the  great  gathering  of  December,  1912. 

Early  in  1912  Hon.  Thos.  C.  MacMillan,  a 
layman,  was  elected  the  first  President  of  the 
Chicago  Church  Federation  Council  in  its  re¬ 
organized  form.  Mr.  Chandler  was  then  Execu¬ 
tive  Secretary,  on  a  half  time  basis,  the  first 
salaried  Secretary  in  the  Council's  history.  Min¬ 
isters’  meetings  were  omitted,  and  in  their  stead 
were  held  bi-monthly  business  meetings  of  the 
Federation  Council  with  appropriate  addresses. 
It  was  during  this  period  that  the  Vice  Commis¬ 
sion  was  appointed.  Plans  were  laid  for  the  for¬ 
mation  of  district  federations,  as  has  been  done 
periodically  since  that  time.  The  response  to 
such  suggestions  however  has  always  been  rather 
limited. 

The  business  of  chief  importance  during  the 
year  1912  was  the  work  of  preparing  for  the 
Quadrennial.  That  very  fact  made  it  difficult  to 
press  the  claims  of  the  Chicago  organization,  and 
the  Executive  Secretary  was  compelled  to  ad¬ 
vance  money  and  personally  to  incur  expenses 
for  the  organization  to  a  degree  that  can  scarcely 
be  recorded  in  an  historical  statement  such  as 
this.  The  work  of  the  Committee  of  One  Hun¬ 
dred  (charged  with  the  responsibility  of  prepar¬ 
ing  for  the  Quadrennial)  was  greatly  facilitated 
by  the  co-operation  of  the  officers  of  the  local 
Federation  Council  whose  compensation  may  be 
thought  of  in  terms  of  the  reflex  influence  upon 
Chicago  of  the  great  Quadrennial  Conference  of 
1912. 

AFTER  THE  QUADRENNIAL. 

y^^HE  forward-looking  leaders  of  Chicago 
£  J  were  quick  to  realize  the  importance  of 

conserving  the  values  of  the  Quadrennial 
for  the  good  m  the  local  co-operative  work.  An 
'Vs; .<  i^r-the-Quadrennial”  meeting  was  therefore 
called  the  latter  part  of  December.  The  Execu¬ 
tive  Secretary  recommended,  among  other  things, 
a  revision  of  the  constitution  and  committee  sys¬ 
tem,  the  preparation  of  a  budget  making  provi¬ 
sion  for  an  expanded  program  and  “that  the  mo¬ 
mentum  gained  by  the  influence  of  the  Quad- 


HISTORICAL  STATEMENT 


rennial  Council  in  Chicago  be  utilized  at  the 
earliest  possible  moment  in  pushing  a  campaign 
for  district  Federations,  such  as  exist  in  Hyde 
Park,  Woodlawn,  Austin,  and  the  West  Central 
District,  in  all  parts  of  the  city,  under  a  special 
extension  committee.” 

In  January,  1913,  at  the  Annual  Meeting  of  the 
Church  Federation  Council,  Judge  Thomas  E.  D. 
Bradley  was  elected  to  the  Presidency  to  suc¬ 
ceed  Senator  MacMillan.  Mr.  Bradley  served  for 
two  terms,  or  until  the  Annual  Meeting  of  Oc¬ 
tober  5,  1914.  Early  in  the  new  administration, 
March  1913,  Rev.  J.  H.  Chandler  resigned  his 
position  as  Executive  Secretary,  and  Dr.  Wil¬ 
liam  Barrett  Millard  was  chosen  as  his  successor. 
For  over  a  year  business  meetings  of  the  Fed¬ 
eration  Council  had  been  substituted  for  the  bi¬ 
monthly  union  ministerial  meetings.  The  latter 
were  now  restored,  and  it  has  continued  to  be 
the  policy  up  to  the  present  time  to  hold  a  union 
ministers’  meeting  every  second  month,  except 
during  the  summer  season,  under  Church  Fed¬ 
eration  auspices.  Additional  ministers’  meetings 
have  also  been  held  when  occasion  demanded. 
Union  pre-Easter  services  in  the  loop  have  been 
held  almost  every  year  since  this  period.  Dur¬ 
ing  the  summer  of  1914  the  officers  of  the  Church 
Federation  Council  gave  their  help  and  encour¬ 
agement  to  the  organization  of  the  Woman’s 
Church  Federation,  of  which  further  mention 
will  be  made  later. 

A  NEW  ADMINISTRATION. 

HT  the  annual  meeting  of  October  5,  1914, 
Rev.  Melbourne  P.  Boynton  was  elected 
President,  serving  as  did  his  predecessor 
for  two  terms.  At  about  this  time  the  commit¬ 
tee  on  endorsements  began  to  function  in  an 
important  way,  approving  the  work  of  various 
religious  organizations  seeking  support,  and 
withholding  it  from  those  less  worthy. 

An  effort  was  made  in  1915  to  consolidate  the 
Co-operative  Council  of  City  Missions  with  the 
Church  Federation  Council,  but  without  success. 
The  sphere  of  each,  however,  was  more  clearly 
defined,  that  of  the  former  being  to  have  ex¬ 
clusive  jurisdiction  over  questions  pertaining  to 
the  location  of  churches. 

Among  the  important  efforts  of  1916  may  be 
mentioned  the  Pre-Easter  Simultaneous  Evan¬ 
gelistic  Campaign.  Almost  all  the  churches  en- 


CHICAGO  CHURCH  FEDERATION 


tered  the  campaign,  each  pastor  being  his  own 
evangelist.  The  reports  indicated  that  by  their 
own  effort  the  churches  of  Chicago  thus  added 
about  15,000  people  to  their  membership.  The 
Committee  on  Labor  worked  faithfully  at  its 
task,  and  although  it  seemed  to  meet  with  failure 
in  some  of  its  efforts  it  had  the  satisfaction  of 
securing  a  happy  settlement  of  at  least  one  strike 
situation. 

A  WIDENING  CIRCLE  OF  INTERESTS. 

HT  the  annual  meeting  of  1916,  held  on  Oc¬ 
tober  31st,  Dr.  Herbert  L.  Willett  was 
elected  to  the  Presidency,  serving  for  four 
years  or  until  the  time  of  the  present  writing. 
During  the  1917  Lenten  season  another  success¬ 
ful  simultaneous  evangelistic  campaign  was  con¬ 
ducted.  During  the  same  year  an  important 
working  agreement  with  the  United  Charities  and 
the  Association  of  Commerce  was  reached,  in 
accordance  with  which  appeals  for  personal  help 
were  to  be  investigated  by  the  United  Charities, 
secular  and  social  philanthropies  were  to  be 
audited  by  the  Association  of  Commerce,  and 
religious  bodies  to  be  audited  by  the  Chicago 
Church  Federation  Council.  During  the  autumn 
and  concluding  at  Christmas  time  a  contest  was 
conducted  open  to  all  Sunday  School  children. 
Gold,  silver  and  bronze  medals  were  awarded  to 
the  children  who,  under  prescribed  conditions, 
wrote  the  best  brief  story  of  the  life  of  Jesus. 
A  calendar  of  the  church  year  was  prepared  that 
same  autumn,  making  suggestions  to  the  churches 
for  the  observance  of  special  dates  in  the  inter¬ 
ests  of  uniformity.  A  somewhat  similar  plan 
has  been  followed  each  year  since  that  time. 

Early  in  1918  the  Night  Church  was  brought 
into  more  intimate  relationship  with  the  Chicago 
Church  Federation  Council,  although  still  main¬ 
taining  its  own  Board  of  Directors.  At  about 
the  same  time  the  Federation  Council  was  in¬ 
strumental  in  securing  by  the  City  Council  the 
repeal  of  the  iniquitous  Special  Bar  Permit  Or¬ 
dinance. 

Perhaps,  however,  the  most  notable  of  the  Fed¬ 
eration’s  activities  during  these  two  years  were 
those  growing  out  of  the  war  situation.  It  co¬ 
operated  in  promoting  Liberty  Loans,  Food  Con¬ 
servation,  Home  Gardens;  in  the  midst  of  critical 
days  it  set  a  day  of  prayer  for  the  churches;  it 
assisted  the  Red  Cross  in  its  great  work,  and  was 


HISTORICAL  STATEMENT 


active  in  its  efforts  to  secure  entertainment  for 
soldiers  and  sailors  in  good  homes  and  churches. 
Early  in  1918  it  brought  about  the  organization 
of  the  “Chicago  Inter-Church  War  Work  Com¬ 
mittee,”  to  discover  what  war  work  was  being 
done,  to  prevent  friction,  and  to  point  out  new 
needs.  This  Committee  was  independent,  but  it 
was  the  Chicago  Church  Federation  Council  that 
caused  it  to  be  organized.  Under  the  auspices  of 
that  Committee  the  National  Inter-Church  War 
Work  Congress  was  convened  the  following  fall. 
In  various  ways  this  Committee  proved  to  be 
one  of  Chicago’s  vital  constructive  agencies  of 
the  war  period. 

THE  EXPANSION  PROGRAM. 

^w^ITH  the  annual  meeting  of  October  29, 
fly  1918,  a  new  epoch  in  the  history  of  the 

Chicago  Church  Federation  Council  may 
be  said  to  have  begun.  At  that  meeting  the 
President  suggested  an  expansion  program  con¬ 
taining  the  following  items:  (1)  The  publica¬ 
tion  of  a  monthly  bulletin;  (2)  Greater  publicity 
plans;  (3)  An  extension  of  Protestant  work  in 
jails,  hospitals,  asylums,  and  other  institutions; 

(4)  The  organization  of  Community  Federations; 

(5)  Greater  emphasis  upon  simultaneous  cam¬ 
paigns  of  evangelism;  (6)  Closer  co-operation 
with  the  Inter-Church  War  Work  Committee,  the 
Co-operative  Council,  and  the  Committee  of  Fif¬ 
teen;  (7)  The  election  of  auxiliary  members  of 
the  Council;  (8)  A  two  days’  conference  on 
Church  Federation  matters. 

This  program  was  enthusiastically  received  by 
the  Council,  and  in  accordance  with  the  eighth 
suggestion  a  two  days’  conference  was  held  at 
the  La  Salle  Hotel  on  December  16th  and  17th. 
Dr.  Roy  B.  Guild,  Secretary  of  the  Commission 
on  Community  Inter-Church  Federations  of  the 
Federal  Council  of  Churches  of  Christ  in  Amer¬ 
ica,  was  present  as  guest  and  speaker.  The  most 
significant  part  of  the  meeting  was  the  reports  of 
the  following  commissions  which  had  been  at 
work  for  several  weeks  studying  their  respec¬ 
tive  fields;  Comity,  Church  and  Labor,  Church 
and  Reconstruction,  Evangelism,  Religious  Edu¬ 
cation,  Public  Morals,  Publicity.  These  reports 
were  referred  through  the  President  to  the 
Church  Federation  Council  for  careful  consider¬ 
ation  and  study.  The  Committee  on  Findings 
recommended  that  a  Commission  on  International 


CHICAGO  CHURCH  FEDERATION 


Friendship  and  Good  Will  and  also  a  Commis¬ 
sion  on  Organization  be  added  to  those  already- 
appointed;  that  the  budget  be  materially  in¬ 
creased;  that  a  monthly  publicity  organ  be  main¬ 
tained;  and  that  other  important  advance  steps 
be  taken. 

The  year  1919  saw  the  actual  launching  of  the 
expansion  program.  The  budget  was  fixed  at 
$32,300.00,  as  over  against  $6,000.00  the  preceding 
year,  and  $6,880.00  for  1917.  On  February  3rd  the 
Inter-Church  War  Work  Committee  became  the 
Commission  on  Reconstruction,  and  the  Bulletin 
of  the  former  organization  was  henceforth  pub¬ 
lished  monthly  by  the  Church  Federation  Coun¬ 
cil,  first  as  the  “Inter-Church  Bulletin”  and  later 
as  the  “Church  Federation  Bulletin.”  During 
the  same  month  the  Woman’s  Church  Federa¬ 
tion  ceased  to  exist  as  a  separate  and  unrelated 
organization,  and  became  the  Woman’s  Depart¬ 
ment  of  the  Chicago  Church  Federation.  The 
Young  People’s  Civic  League  in  like  manner  be¬ 
came  an  integral  part  of  the  Young  People’s  De¬ 
partment  of  the  Chicago  Church  Federation. 
These  significant  changes  were  made  in  the  in¬ 
terests  of  unity  and  efficiency  and  it  was  appro¬ 
priate  that  they  were  made  simultaneously  with 
the  launching  of  the  expansion  program. 

THE  WOMAN’S  DEPARTMENT. 

^■w^HEN  the  Woman’s  Church  Federation 
v  I  /  entered  Into  this  new  relationship  it  had 
already  had  a  notable  history  of  four  and 
a  half  years.  In  1914  Mrs.  Theodosia  Bagshawe, 
an  educator  with  keen  interest  in  political  affairs, 
conceived  the  idea  that  certain  obvious  social 
needs  of  the  city  could  best  be  met  through  a 
permanent  organization  of  the  Christian  women 
of  Chicago.  She  discussed  the  plan  with  Mrs. 
G.  M.  Mathes  and  Miss  M.  L.  Carpenter  and  read¬ 
ily  enlisted  their  support.  After  some  prelim¬ 
inary  planning  and  consultation  with  various  peo¬ 
ple  including  the  officers  of  the  Chicago  Church 
Federation  Council,  it  was  decided  that  each 
pastor  in  the  city  be  asked  to  appoint  one  woman 
from  his  church  to  attend  a  conference  for  the 
purpose  of  perfecting  the  proposed  organization. 
The  call  to  this  meeting  was  issued  by  the 
Church  Federation  Council,  the  letter  being  signed 
by  Judge  Bradley  and  Dr.  Millard,  President  and 
Secretary  respectively,  and  also  by  Mrs.  Mathes 
and  Miss  Carpenter  as  the  convening  commit- 


HISTORICAL  STATEMENT 


tee.  About  150  churches  responded,  and  on  Aug¬ 
ust  9,  1914,  one  hundred  and  fifty  women  met  at 
the  La  Salle  Hotel  and  organized  the  “Woman’s 
League  of  Federated  Churches.”  Three  months 
later  the  name  was  changed  to  the  “Woman’s 
Church  Federation.” 

The  purpose  of  the  new  organization  was  to 
unify  the  women  of  the  churches  for  Christian, 
civic  and  social  endeavor.  All  co-operating 
churches  were  represented  by  their  duly  ap¬ 
pointed  delegates  who  met  each  month  in  busi¬ 
ness  session.  The  aim  has  always  been  to  keep 
the  organization  plastic  so  that  adjustments  to 
changing  needs  may  readily  be  made.  With 
each  new  year  have  come  new  lines  of  endeavor. 
First  there  was  the  general  welfare  work,  in¬ 
cluding  efforts  in  behalf  of  the  eight-hour  day 
and  one  day’s  rest  in  seven.  Later  came  activ¬ 
ity  resulting  in  the  closing  of  certain  immoral 
theatres  in  the  city  and  the  elimination  of  liquor 
advertisements  from  daily  papers.  There  was 
active  co-operation  also  with  the  Dry  Chicago 
Federation  and  the  Traveler’s  Aid  and  in  the 
successful  movement  to  have  the  saloons  closed 
on  Sundays.  During  the  third  year  the  Woman’s 
Church  Federation  Protectorate  for  Girls  was 
established,  an  institution  which  for  its  short 
period  of  service  has  had  a  splendid  record  of 
achievement,  ministering  to  an  average  of  five 
hundred  girls  a  year.  It  has  had  but  two  super¬ 
intendents,  Mrs.  E.  L.  Meservey  and  Mrs.  Minnie 
M.  Chapman. 

During  the  war  the  Woman’s  Church  Feder¬ 
ation  was  actively  engaged  in  various  forms  of 
war  work,  having  headquarters  with  the  National 
Council  of  Defense.  Since  that  time  the  head¬ 
quarters  have  been  located,  first  in  proximity  to 
the  Anti-Saloon  League,  and  during  1918  and  a 
part  of  1919  near  to  the  Protectorate.  Soon  after 
becoming  affiliated  with  the  Chicago  Church 
Federation  the  Woman’s  Department  came  into 
the  Federation’s  suite  in  the  Association  Build¬ 
ing.  At  all  times,  such  as  during  the  summer  of 
1920,  the  Department  has  had  scores  of  women 
working  indefatigably  to  secure  a  large  vote 
for  candidates  committed  to  prohibition  and  en¬ 
forcement  of  the  liquor  laws. 

From  the  beginning  Mrs.  G.  M.  Mathes  has 
been  the  president.  The  work  has  been  carried 


CHICAGO  CHURCH  FEDERATION 


on  largely  by  committees;  under  the  present  form 
of  organization,  the  chairman  or  another  member 
of  each  committee  becomes  a  member  of  the 
corresponding  commission  of  the  Chicago  Church 
Federation. 

THE  YOUNG  PEOPLE’S  DEPARTMENT. 

QRIOR  to  the  present  form  of  organization 
the  Young  People’s  Department  had  had 
a  most  successful  history.  In  the  sum¬ 
mer  of  1897  three  young  women  were  together 
on  an  Epworth  League  excursion  on  Lake  Mich¬ 
igan.  “If  the  young  people  on  this  boat  could 
be  aroused  and  organized,”  said  one,  “a  work 
could  be  started  that  would  solve  the  liquor 
problem.”  “Why  not  arouse  and  organize  them?” 
asked  another.  The  first  speaker  was  Miss  Eva 
Marshall  Shonts;  the  second,  Miss  Lucy  Page 
Gaston.  A  few  days  later,  as  a  result,  a  small 
interested  group  came  together  and  organized 
the  Young  People’s  Christian  Temperance  Union, 
with  Miss  Shonts  as  President  and  Miss  Gaston 
as  Vice  President.  Headquarters  were  established 
in  the  Woman’s  Temple.  Miss  Shonts  gave  her 
entire  time  to  the  work  with  such  zeal  and  effec¬ 
tiveness  that  she  was  often  called  to  other  cities 
to  assist  in  similar  activities.  After  a  number  of 
years  of  service,  she  was  compelled  to  sever  her 
connection  with  the  work  because  of  illness  in 
her  family. 

The  name  was  then  changed  to  The  Young 
People’s  Civic  League,  and  Miss  Mary  F.  Bal- 
comb  assumed  the  superintendency,  giving  her 
whole  time  to  the  organization  until  it  became 
the  Young  People’s  Department  in  1919.  For  a 
period  of  eight  years,  from  1911  to  1919,  Rev. 
Philip  S.  Yarrow  was  its  President.  Its  purpose 
throughout  this  period  is  indicated  by  the  slo¬ 
gan:  “Temperance,  Civic  Righteousness,  Social 
Justice.”  Its  activities  were  many,  of  which 
some  deserve  special  mention:  The  three  great 
temperance  parades  organized  in  the  office  of  the 
League;  the  publication  in  1912  (prior  to  the  re¬ 
port  of  the  Vice  Commission)  of  “The  Vice 
Bondage  of  a  Great  City”;  pioneer  efforts  in  be¬ 
half  of  sane  New  Year's  Eve  celebrations;  suc¬ 
cessful  efforts  to  compel  summer  gardens  to  in¬ 
stall  free  water;  similarly  successful  efforts  to 
have  the  American  flag  floating  at  all  polling 
places  on  election  days;  the  promotion  of  four 
“First  Voters'  Nights,”  two  in  the  Auditorium 


HISTORICAL  STATEMENT 


and  two  in  Orchestra  Hall;  Prohibition  debates 
among  young  people;  special  series  of  meetings 
under  such  leaders  as  Catch-My-Pal  Patterson 
and  Frank  S.  Regan;  the  publication  in  1908  of 
the  famous  cartoon  “The  Real  Issue,”  later  bor¬ 
rowed  by  many  other  agencies;  the  publication  of 
the  temperance  program  “The  Pageant  of  the 
States”  and  its  production  at  different  centers; 
activities  in  behalf  of  scientific  temperance,  in¬ 
cluding  the  training  of  young  people,  and  street 
demonstrations;  civic  study  classes;  active  oppo¬ 
sition  to  the  boxing  bills  in  the  Legislature; 
mass  meetings;  lectures;  and  participation  in 
various  other  civic  movements. 

This  in  brief  is  the  history  of  the  Young  Peo¬ 
ple’s  Civic  League  which  in  February,  1919, 
dropped  its  name  and  became  integrated  with 
the  Chicago  Church  Federation  Council  as  the 
Young  People’s  Department.  From  another  point 
of  view  that  Department  is  now  the  federation  of 
the  young  people’s  organizations  of  the  various 
denominations.  Each  denominational  young 
people's  group  has  its  representative  on  the  Ex¬ 
ecutive  Committee.  Under  the  auspices  of  the 
Young  People’s  Department  two  successful  in¬ 
spirational  rallies  were  held  in  1919,  one  in  March 
with  Fred  B.  Smith  as  speaker,  and  one  in  Octo¬ 
ber  addressed  by  J.  Campbell  White.  For  approxi¬ 
mately  a  year  Rev.  E.  L.  Reiner  served  as  Su¬ 
perintendent  of  the  Department.  Since  August, 
1920,  Mr.  John  L.  Horsley  has  acted  as  Pres¬ 
ident  of  the  re-organized  Executive  Committee. 

ENTERING  UPON  THE  LARGER 
PROGRAM. 

^^-^URNING  our  attention  once  more  to  the 
ft  )  plans  of  the  Federation  Council  in  the 
winter  of  1919,  the  inclusion  of  the  two 
departments  was  a  step  in  harmony  with  the 
larger  program  agreed  upon  at  the  memorable 
two  days’  conference  in  December.  On  January 
27th  Dr.  Millard  resigned  his  position  as  Execu¬ 
tive  Secretary,  severing  his  connection  with  the 
Federation  Council  in  March,  thus  completing  a 
period  of  six  years’  service.  He  was  succeeded 
at  once  by  Mr.  Walter  Raycroft  Mee,  who  had 
become  well  known  in  Federation  circles  as  Sec¬ 
retary  of  the  Inter-Church  War  Work  Commit¬ 
tee.  The  need  for  larger  quarters  was  becoming 
increasingly  clear  and  about  May  first  the  office 
was  moved  to  Suite  809-11,  Association  Building. 


CHICAGO  CHURCH  FEDERATION 


At  the  Annual  Meeting  of  October  27,  1919,  it 
was  reported  that  during  the  preceding  year  the 
staff  had  been  increased  from  three  to  fourteen, 
some,  however,  being  on  a  part  time  basis;  that 
the  number  of  co-operating  denominations  had 
now  reached  thirteen;  that  the  actual  receipts  for 
the  year  just  closing  had  been  $14,787.93,  or  ap¬ 
proximately  three  times  as  much  as  in  any  previ¬ 
ous  year.  On  November  third  a  new  constitution 
was  adopted  omitting  the  word  “Council,”  thus 
changing  the  name  to  “The  Chicago  Church 
Federation.” 

The  work  of  the  Chicago  Church  Federation 
is  done  chiefly  through  Departments,  Com¬ 
missions,  and  Committees.  All  of  these  made 
careful  presentations  of  their  work  at  the 
annual  two  days’  conference  on  February  23 
and  24,  1920.  The  list  of  committees  and  com¬ 
missions  includes  about  two  hundred  names,  rep¬ 
resenting  leaders  and  specialists  in  their  respec¬ 
tive  fields.  During  the  present  year  slight 
changes  have  been  made  in  the  organization  of 
the  two  departments  in  accordance  with  which 
their  Executive  Committees  are  composed  of  the 
duly  elected  representatives  of  the  co-operating 
denominations,  who  are  also  members  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Church  Federation. 

The  Committees  may  be  temporary  or  stand¬ 
ing.  At  the  present  writing  they  are  five  in  num¬ 
ber:  Charities  and  Endorsements,  Finance,  Na¬ 
tional  and  State  Federations,  Public  Meetings, 
Sabbath  Observance. 

THE  COMMISSIONS. 

the  Commissions  are  assigned  such  ac- 
£  J  tivities  “as  demand  inquiry,  formulation  of 
policy,  and  administrative  oversight.”  At 
the  present  writing  there  are  twelve  commissions. 

1.  Advisory:  The  Advisory  Commission  does 
not  hold  stated  meetings.  When  important  pro¬ 
ceedings  are  suggested  to  the  Federation  the 
officers  convene  the  Advisory  Commission  to  re¬ 
ceive  its  recommendation  as  to  the  proper  course 
to  pursue.  Its  work  in  this  respect  has  been  of 
great  value. 

2.  The  Church  and  Industry:  The  constitu¬ 
ency  of  the  Church  Federation  has  derived  much 
benefit  from  the  statements  on  the  church  and 
industry  issued  from  time  to  time  in  the  columns 
of  the  monthly  Bulletin.  On  more  than  one 


HISTORICAL  STATEMENT 


occasion  this  Commission  Has  been  given  the 
opportunity  of  arbitrating  labor  difficulties. 
Whenever  it  can  thus  be  of  service  to  the  cause 
of  justice  it  counts  it  a  privilege  to  be  called 
upon. 

3.  Comity:  The  function  of  this  Commission 
is  to  deal  with  questions  of  denominational  over¬ 
lapping.  It  has  worked  in  close  co-operation  with 
the  Co-operative  Council  of  City  Missions.  In  1919 
when  the  Interchurch  World  Movement  re¬ 
quested  the  Church  Federation  to  arrange  for  the 
conduct  of  the  Chicago  survey,  the  task  of  ap¬ 
pointing  a  survey  staff  and  of  supervising  its 
work  was  delegated  to  the  Comity  Commission. 
This  therefore  was  one  of  its  chief  interests  dur¬ 
ing  the  year  1919-20. 

4.  Evangelism:  Union  Passion  Week  services 
in  the  business  district  constitute  a  part  of  the 
program  of  the  Commission  on  Evangelism. 
After  all  arrangements  had  been  made  for  the 
1920  services  it  became  necessary  to  omit  them, 
but  with  this  exception  they  have  been  held  each 
year  with  regularity. 

A  sub-committee  on  open-air  evangelism  has 
been  very  active  during  1919-1920.  Two  import¬ 
ant  conferences  have  been  held,  dealing  with 
this  entire  subject.  A  careful  survey  was  made 
of  the  loop  district  to  discover  the  strategic 
points  at  which  street  preaching  might  appropri¬ 
ately  be  held,  and  as  a  result  the  committee 
recommended  certain  specific  centers.  Another 
study  has  also  indicated  the  forces  at  work  in 
this  field.  The  question  of  holding  services  in 
the  public  parks  has  been  very  much  to  the  fore 
during  1920,  and  while  permission  has  thus  far 
been  refused,  the  question  is  not  yet  regarded  as 
closed. 

5.  International  Friendship  and  Good  Will: 

This  Commission  has  had  as  its  aim  the  study  of 
international  questions,  and  by  means  of  meet¬ 
ings  and  literature  the  dissemination  of  infor¬ 
mation  that  might  lead  to  a  right  understanding 
of  conditions  among  the  nations,  and  to  a  more 
universal  spirit  of  good  will.  Its  meetings  have 
been  held  monthly  or  sometimes  more  often. 
Such  topics  as  The  League  of  Nations,  the  Mex¬ 
ican  situation,  conditions  in  Russia,  etc.,  have 
been  discussed,  often  by  men  of  national  repu¬ 
tation,  in  an  effort  always  to  ascertain  the  real 
facts  and  to  interpret  them  from  the  Christian 
point  of  view.  Efforts  are  made  to  pass  this 
information  down  to  pastors  and  churches 


CHICAGO  CHURCH  FEDERATION 


through  the  columns  of  the  Bulletin  and  also  by 
the  plan  of  including  on  the  Commission  pastors 
of  the  various  denominations  who  will  report 
back  to  their  various  ministerial  bodies. 

6.  Organization:  This  Commission  was  called 
into  being  for  certain  specific  tasks.  During  the 
years  1919  and  1920  it  has  rendered  most  signifi¬ 
cant  service  in  the  revision  of  the  Constitution 
of  the  Church  Federation  as  also  of  the  consti¬ 
tutions  of  the  Woman’s  Department  and  the 
Young  People’s  Department. 

7.  Political  Action:  During  the  years  1919-20 
this  Commission  has  been  active  and  alert  in  re¬ 
gard  to  great  moral  and  political  questions.  It 
has  informed  itself  and  taken  action  in  regard  to 
such  matters  as  prize-fight  legislation,  motion 
picture  censorship,  repeal  of  the  ban  upon  the 
sale  of  intoxicating  liquors,  the  newspapers  and 
liquor  advertisements,  uniform  marriage  and  di¬ 
vorce  laws,  movements  looking  toward  a  reduc¬ 
tion  in  the  cost  of  living,  state  anti-gambling  laws, 
the  holding  of  patriotic  services  in  churches,  and 
the  teaching  of  patriotism  in  the  schools.  In 
every  case  the  decisions  of  the  Commission  have 
been  appropriately  referred  to  the  Board  of 
Trustees. 

8.  Public  Institutions:  This  exceedingly  im¬ 
portant  Commission  states  its  purpose  as  Being 
“to  promote  religious  and  social  activities  in  city, 
county,  and  state  institutions,  and  in  homes  and 
schools  where  the  courts  may  send  boys  and 
girls,  and  to  co-operate  with  agencies  doing  a 
similar  work  in  institutions  of  general  charac¬ 
ter.”  The  extent  of  its  activities  is  suggested  by 
the  fact  that  at  this  writing  it  is  represented 
through  its  workers  in  the  following  institutions: 
St.  Charles  School  for  Boys,  Geneva  Training 
School  for  Girls,  Illinois  Charitable  Eye  and  Ear 
Infirmary,  Oak  Forest  Infirmary  and  Tubercular 
Hospital,  Cook  County  Hospital,  Juvenile  De¬ 
tention  Home,  Juvenile  Court,  County  Jail,  Chi¬ 
cago  and  Cook  County  School  for  Boys,  Deten¬ 
tion  Homes  for  Women  Nos.  1  and  2,  Court  of 
Domestic  Relations,  House  of  Correction,  Muni¬ 
cipal  Tubercular  Sanitarium,  and  the  Glenwood 
Manual  Training  School. 

This  enumeration  of  institutions  is  sufficient 
to  indicate  clearly  that  no  Commission  of  the 
Church  Federation  is  more  active  than  that  on 
Public  Institutions.  Regular  meetings  are  held 
monthly  and  for  efficiency  the  various  phases  of 
the  work  are  assigned  to  sub-committees.  If 


HISTORICAL  STATEMENT 


each  of  the  thirteen  denominations  affiliated  with 
the  Church  Federation  were  to  attempt  to  dis¬ 
charge  its  responsibility  in  the  institutions  inde¬ 
pendently,  confusion  and  expense  would  be  in¬ 
creased  and  efficiency  decreased.  The  workers 
of  the  Church  Federation  are  representing  as  far 
as  it  is  possible  to  do  so,  co-operative  Protest¬ 
antism.  This  fact  multiplies  their  power.  By  the 
summer  of  1920  it  had  become  evident  that  if  the 
work  was  to  continue  to  expand  and  to  be  co¬ 
ordinated  effectively  it  would  be  necessary  to 
have  a  General  Secretary  of  the  Commission. 
With  this  in  mind  Mr.  Emerson  O.  Bradshaw  was 
secured  to  fill  this  important  position,  beginning 
his  work  September  7th. 

The  work  that  is  being  done  together  with 
the  names  of  the  active  workers  in  the  various  in¬ 
stitutions  are  well  set  forth  in  a  pamphlet  pub¬ 
lished  by  the  Commission  in  September  1920,  un¬ 
der  the  title  “The  Church  and  Human  Wrong.” 

9.  Publicity:  A  notable  conference  was  held 
on  May  3,  1920,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Pub¬ 
licity  Commission.  This  included  a  luncheon,  a 
very  significant  exhibit  of  church  advertising 
matter,  and  addresses  by  some  of  the  best  known 
men  in  this  field  of  work.  The  attendance  was 
over  200.  This  conference  was  fully  reported  in 
a  supplement  to  the  Church  Federation  Bulle¬ 
tin  for  May. 

The  Commission  on  Publicity  is  now  seeking 
means  to  make  possible  the  publication  of  Chris¬ 
tian  pronouncements  as  weekly  display  adver¬ 
tisements  in  some  or  all  of  the  daily  papers. 

10.  Religious  Education:  This  Commission 
had  its  inception  in  the  conviction  that  respon¬ 
sibility  for  the  work  of  religious  education  must 
be  borne  chiefly  by  the  churches  themselves.  It 
has  not  been  thought  of  as  primarily  a  promo¬ 
tional  agency,  but  rather  as  the  agency  to  make 
important  investigations,  to  do  a  limited  amount 
of  demonstration  work,  to  give  publicity  to  im¬ 
portant  informational  material,  and  to  work 
toward  closer  co-ordination  of  the  various  agen¬ 
cies  working  in  this  field,  thus  helping  them  to 
define  their  tasks  more  clearly. 

During  the  Commission’s  brief  period  of  ac¬ 
tivity  it  has  partially  realized  these  aims.  Soon 
after  it  began  to  lay  its  first  plans  the  Commis¬ 
sion  became  aware  of  the  necessity  of  having  a 
Secretary  and  Director  of  Religious  Education, 
and  Mr.  John  Leslie  Lobingier  was  secured  to 
fill  the  position,  beginning  his  work  August  15, 


CHICAGO  CHURCH  FEDERATION 


1919.  For  sufficient  reasons  the  major  part  of  his 
time  during  a  period  of  about  seven  months  was 
diverted  to  the  work  of  the  Inter-Church  World 
Movement’s  Community  Surveys. 

The  Commission  counts  among  its  members 
leading  men  and  women  in  religious  education  in 
universities,  seminaries,  denominational  offices, 
and  in  other  organizations  at  work  in  this  field. 
It  is  an  able  and  active  group  of  people.  During 
the  time  of  its  service,  slightly  more  than  a  year, 
the  Commission  has  published  two  important 
leaflets:  “The  Churches  and  Week  Day  Instruc¬ 
tion,”  and  “Religious  Education  as  a  Vocation.” 
It  has  assisted  and  done  a  limited  amount  of  ex¬ 
perimental  work  in  the  development  of  commu¬ 
nity  programs.  It  has  co-operated  in  the  de¬ 
velopment  and  promotion  of  certain  training  in¬ 
stitutes.  It  has  served  as  an  information  bureau 
to  many  enquirers.  It  has  co-operated  with  the 
Daily  Vacation  Bible  School  Federation,  in  that 
its  secretary  acted  as  secretary  of  that  Federa¬ 
tion,  devoting  the  major  part  of  his  time  for 
about  four  months  to  the  promotion  of  the  work 
of  the  church  vacation  schools.  It  has  served  to 
bring  together  in  a  way  never  done  before  the 
religious  educational  agencies  of  the  city  with 
the  result  of  a  growing  spirit  of  co-operation. 

In  the  nature  of  the  case  the  work  of  this 
Commission  cannot  be  as  spectacular  as  that  of 
some  others.  Its  importance,  however,  is  obvi¬ 
ous  from  the  fact  that  whatever  is  done  to  in¬ 
crease  the  effectiveness  of  the  work  of  religious 
education,  a  constructive  and  positive  force,  will 
reduce  the  energy  and  time  and  money  that  must 
otherwise  be  devoted  to  remedial  and  reformation 
activities. 

11.  Social  and  Civic  Relations:  The  special 
concern  of  this  Commission  is  the  relation  of  the 
individual  church  to  such  great  questions  as  so¬ 
cial  service,  recreation,  public  health,  living  con¬ 
ditions,  civic  organization,  and  legislation.  In 
the  spring  of  1920  a  statement  of  its  plans  and 
purposes  was  sent  to  each  church  of  the  Federa¬ 
tion  with  an  enclosed  card  to  be  filled  out  and 
returned.  That  card  read  in  part:  “This  church 
believes  in  a  religious  program  of  social  service 
and  education.  It  is  willing  to  co-operate  with 
the  Commission  on  Social  and  Civic  Relations  of 
the  Chicago  Church  Federation  in  efforts  to 
become  more  socially  effective.  The  church 
already  has  or  will  appoint  a  committee  of 
members  having  under  its  direction  the  social  and 


HISTORICAL  STATEMENT 


civic  activities  of  this  congregation,  which  it  will 
instruct  to  act  as  representing  it  in  contact  with 
the  Chicago  Church  Federation  in  this  field.” 

The  Commission  is  also  committed  to  the 
publication  of  a  practical  hand-book  as  a  guide  to 
the  churches  in  the  social  service  activities  of 
Chicago. 

12.  State  Constitution:  This  Commission  was 
at  work  during  a  considerable  part  of  the  year 
1919-20  at  the  special  task  of  presenting  to  the 
Board  of  Trustees  such  recommendations  as  might 
appropriately  come  from  the  Chicago  Church 
Federation  to  the  State  Constitutional  Conven¬ 
tion.  The  Committee  worked  at  its  task  long 
and  faithfully.  Three  recommendations  made  to 
the  Board  of  Trustees  were  passed  as  the  official 
action  of  the  Church  Federation:  (1)  The  abolish¬ 
ment  of  the  minority  system  of  representation  in 
the  Legislature;  (2)  The  limitation  of  any  coun¬ 
ty’s  representation  in  the  Legislature;  and  (3)  A 
provision  requiring  the  daily  reading  of  at  least 
ten  verses  from  the  Bible  without  comment  in 
the  public  schools  of  Illinois. 

THE  FUTURE. 

’  HE  Chicago  Church  Federation  has  passed 
§  j  the  experimental  stage.  It  is  now  being 

■ 1  recognized  as  the  clearing-house  for  Chi¬ 
cago’s  co-operative  Protestant  activities.  This  is 
to  be  expected  when  one  considers  the  personnel 
of  the  delegates  chosen  by  the  various  denomin¬ 
ations  as  their  official  representatives.  These  and 
the  members  of  the  various  Commissions  and 
Committees  are  being  selected  with  increasing 
care. 

In  almost  every  case  the  actual  leaders  of  the 
thirteen  co-operating  denominations  are  promi¬ 
nent  in  Church  Federation  activities.  The  list  of 
financial  contributors  is  an  indication  of  the 
sanction  of  many  of  Chicago’s  most  prominent 
citizens.  The  cordial  working  agreement  between 
the  Association  of  Commerce  and  the  Church 
Federation  is  significant  of  the  attitude  of  that 
influential  body.  Religious  and  philanthropic 
societies,  both  local  and  national,  approach  the 
Chicago  Church  Federation  continually  as  a 
means  of  reaching  individual  churches  or  arrang¬ 
ing  for  public  meetings.  Requests  for  Federa¬ 
tion  literature  from  every  section  of  the  United 
States  are  now  so  numerous  as  to  indicate  a 
rapidly  expanding  constituency. 


CHICAGO  CHURCH  FEDERATION 


The  attitude  of  the  Christian  forces  of  Chi¬ 
cago  may  best  be  surmised  from  the  expressions 
of  a  few  men  of  prominence:  “I  regard  the  co¬ 
operative  principle  as  absolutely  essential  to  the 
success  of  Protestant  activity  in  Chicago,  and 
regard  the  Chicago  Church  Federation  as  the 
finest  expression  of  this  principle  in  America.” 
(Reuben  L.  Breed,  Secretary,  Congregational  City 
Missionary  Society.)  “The  Church  Federation 
should  be  the  expression  of  the  Protestant  con¬ 
science  on  all  great  moral  issues  of  the  City  of 
Chicago.”  (John  Thompson,  Superintendent  of 
City  Missions,  M.  E.  Church.)  “I  highly  value 
the  many  practical  aims  of  the  Chicago  Church 
Federation,  and  appreciate  the  need  of  combin¬ 
ing  the  religious  forces  of  our  great  city  under 
wise  leadership.”  (H.  H.  Thoren,  United  Evan¬ 
gelical  Church.)  “We  consider  the  Federation  as 
the  church  organized  for  action.”  (R.  C.  Gibson, 
United  Presbyterian  Church.)  “Opportunities  for 
needed  and  effective  service  on  the  part  of  the 
Chicago  Church  Federation  seem  to  me  to  be 
almost  boundless.”  (Perry  J.  Rice,  Secretary, 
Chicago  Christian  Missionary  Society.)  “The 
work  of  the  Federation  has  been  and  now  is 
worth-while  in  every  way,  and  can  and  will  be¬ 
come  more  efficient.”  (A.  E.  Wright,  United 
Brethren  Church.)  “It  affords  me  great  satis¬ 
faction  to  testify  to  the  great  service  the  Chi¬ 
cago  Church  Federation  is  rendering  to  the  City 
of  Chicago  and  its  moral  needs,  a  service  which 
no  denomination  could  ever  give.”  (M.  E. 
Broekstra,  Reformed  Church  of  America.)  “I 
am  convinced  that  the  Church  Federation  affords 
the  several  Protestant  church  bodies  an  oppor¬ 
tunity  to  function  for  civic  and  social  righteous¬ 
ness  with  greater  efficiency  than  the  several  com¬ 
munions  could  do  acting  separately.”  (J.  W.  Lear, 
Elder,  Chicago  Church  of  the  Brethren.)  “It  is 
fulfilling  prophecy,  and  is  a  prophecy  of  a  greater 
church  future  for  Chicago.”  (W.  B.  Rilling, 
Evangelical  Association.)  “In  my  judgment  the 
Chicago  Church  Federation  is  one  of  the  most 
successful  and  helpful  Federations  in  the  country 
today.  I  thoroughly  believe  in  its  leadership  and 
in  its  objectives.  I  believe  it  is  through  such 
federations  that  we  must  look  increasingly  for 
the  solution  of  the  problems  of  co-operative 
Protestantism.”  (Henry  S.  Brown,  Superintend¬ 
ent,  Church  Extension  Board,  Presbytery  of  Chi¬ 
cago.)  “I  have  known  something  of  the  Chicago 
Church  Federation  for  the  past  ten  years;  I  be- 


HISTORICAL  STATEMENT 


lieve  that  its  present  work  is  much  the  largest 
and  best  in  its  history  and  its  future  prospects  and 
possibilities  greater  yet.”  (Charles  W.  Gilkey, 
Hyde  Park  Baptist  Church.) 

This  history  of  thirteen  years  indicates  a  grad¬ 
ual  development,  not  only  in  achievement  but 
also  in  the  desire  for  co-operation — a  subtle  force 
that  makes  achievement  possible.  This  develop¬ 
ment,  however,  has  been  real;  and  as  one  surveys 
the  years  as  a  whole  one  is  conscious  of  a  growth 
fairly  regular  and  normal.  With  this  as  a  her¬ 
itage  from  its  brief  past,  with  the  earnest  co¬ 
operation  of  the  various  constituent  bodies,  and 
with  the  respect  of  those  who  view  it  from 
without,  the  Chicago  Church  Federation  finds 
ample  reason  for  hopefulness  as  it  continues  its 
ministry. 


~ 0F  ILLIN0IS"URBANA 

3  0112  060146062 


